Thursday, December 26, 2019

Mitch Albom By F. Schwartz Essay - 1883 Words

Mitch Albom, a previous student at Brandeis University starts the story out with a flashback of when he would meet at his old professor, Morrie Schwartz’s once a week. Mitch begins to explain how â€Å"Morrie would sit in his study where he could watch a small hibiscus plant die.† In a flashback to his graduation, Mitch approaches his professor, Morrie Schwartz, and gives him a portfolio. While at Brandeis, Mitch takes â€Å"the greater part of the humanism† courses Morrie teaches. He tells Morrie that he will stay in contact, but doesn t follow through. Sixteen years after his graduation from Brandeis, Mitch is feeling disappointed with the life he has lived. After his uncle died of pancreatic cancer, Mitch gives up his career as a performer to be a writer for a Detroit daily paper. Mitch guarantees his better half Janine that they will have children in the end, however he invests the greater part of his energy at work, away on reporting assignments. One night, Mitch is flipping the stations on his TV and recognizes Morrie s voice. Morrie is being highlighted on the TV program Nightline in the first of three meetings with Ted Koppel, whom he rapidly gets to know. Before consenting to be talked with, Morrie amazes the celebrated internationally anchorperson when he asks Koppel what is near his heart. Mitch is stunned to see his previous teacher on TV. Taking after Morrie s TV appearance, Mitch contacts his teacher and goes from his home in Detroit to Morrie s home in WestShow MoreRelatedEssay about America the Melting Pot or America the Salad Bowl? 2185 Words   |  9 PagesSociology professor Morrie Schwartz once said, Rules I know to be true about love and marriage: If you dont respect the other person, youre gonna have a lot of trouble. If you dont know how to compromise, youre gonna have a lot of trouble. If you cant talk openly about what goes on between you, youre gonna have a lot of trouble†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Albom 149). Although not stated as clearly or concisely, the vast majority of Jhumpa Lahiri’s stories retell the truths told above. Three stories in particular;

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Cultural Diversity At The Workplace - 2491 Words

Cultural Diversity in the Workplace Anna Sham, Sabrina Damji, Siran Jia, Sergio Valdez 301236536 Anna Sham 30119362 Sabrina Damji 301227191 Siran Jia 301240074 Sergio Valdez Business 272: Organizational Behaviour Tutorial Section: D101 Simon Fraser University Professor: Chris Zatzick April 12th, 2015 As a result of increasing numbers of immigrants, cultural diversity has become a common display in the workplace, which means having a blend of cultures in an organization. It is important to understand each culture individually as they possess their own values and beliefs. Organizations must incorporate these differences to motivate employees in order to successfully achieve a company s goal. If employees accept the organization’s goals, it can direct the company to success with higher productivity and effectiveness. Socialization also plays an important role, as it helps increase employee loyalty and motivation, which then leaders io to higher effectiveness and efficiency. During the socialization process, an employee is responsible for familiarizing themselves with their tasks and role in the company, and later on learning and adapting to the organization’s culture. Both cultural diversity and socialization are relevant in the field of human resources because they in fluence how management should govern its employees to achieve successful organizational performance and meet strategic goals. This paper will illustrate various benefits and consequences ofShow MoreRelatedCultural Diversity At The Workplace1812 Words   |  8 Pagesmiscommunication with coworkers at workplace? If so, do you know what exactly was the main thing that led to miscommunication? Miscommunication at the workplace happens when coworkers have different points of views, lack of understanding or different life experiences. There is only one workplace issue that includes all of the problems that I have just mentioned: cultural diversity. Cultural diversity at workplace refers to all types of differences among individuals at the workplace such as, different racesRead MoreCultural Diversity in the Workplace Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesErica L. Munsey Cultural Diversity In The Workplace Sociology 220B There is presently more than 60% percent of the United States work force that consist of immigrants, minorities and woman. Current studies show that in the next 10 – 15 years such groups will rise to 90% in the work force. Today’s leaders are now confronted with the challenges of how to effectively manage the work force that is increasing in the diverse lines of ethnicity, physical abilityRead MoreOverseeing Cultural Diversity At The Workplace933 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract This paper analyzes the issue of overseeing cultural diversity in the workplace. The first of its three areas audits the writing on the broadened work constrain and gives an abstract of the corporate reaction to this issue. The second segment introduces and dissects the reaction from a cultural mindfulness study of Midwest companies. In the last segment, a strategic programming model to proactively oversee cultural diversity is proposed. The five stages in the model incorporate appraisalRead More Cultural Diversity in the Workplace Essay3436 Words   |  14 Pagescomfortable in their workplace environment. It is almost impossible for a person to know everything about all cultures and be aware of what may or may not offend a person from a different ethnic group. What must be done is to teach cultural awareness and diversity training. Basically what I have discovered in reading the journal articles is that there is no one right way to run a company but there are definitely ‘b etter’ ways when it comes to cultural sensitivity in the workplace. As I continue myRead More Managing Cultural Diversity in the Workplace Essay2919 Words   |  12 PagesCultural diversity in the workplace is becoming more and more prevalent. Corporations in all industries are encouraging minorities, women, elderly workers, people with disabilities as well as foreign workers to join white males in the workplace. The following analysis will focus on these groups and how companies are encouraging them to join an ever-expanding workplace. Even if affirmative action is dismantled, diversity of the workforce is clearly here to stay. Business owners and managers, expertsRead MoreThe Workplace, Cultural Diversity And The Political Landscape Essay2301 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction The world over, there are different types of organizations, these being public, private, non-governmental and international organizations. They survive because they are contracted to or employed people from different cultural diversity and professions. Besides that, some are profit making and others non-profit making organizations and they all in the end have an obligation to remunerate, provide benefits, an assurance of job security to employees and provide a conducive environmentRead MoreInformative Speech Topages And Disadvantages Of Cultural Diversity In The Workplace925 Words   |  4 PagesSpeech Coms 1030 Title of speech: Cultural Diversity in the Workplace Specific Purpose: My audience will be able to understand the advantages and disadvantages of cultural diversity in the workplace. Thesis: Introduction: I. Attention Getter At some point in time we have all been in a position where we were uncomfortable in a new setting, cultural diversity is presented in everyday life; whether you’re at a new university or starting a new job. Cultural diversity is becoming more common in the workRead MoreDiversity Training And Its Effectiveness1240 Words   |  5 PagesDiversity may be defined as recognizing and respecting the similarities, differences and unique characteristics an individual employee contributes to the workplace. Diversity training and its effectiveness in the workplace has been met with differing conclusions as to the positive or negative impact this type of training may have on an organization. Today, change in the workplace is inevitable and diversity training in the workplace has become common across the globe. Companies now realize thatRead MoreValue of Diversity Paper1213 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: VALUE OF DIVERSITY PAPER Value of Diversity Paper Cultural Diversity SOC/315 Value of Diversity in the Workplace In companies or corporations the global landscape now reflects diversity in the employees found in the workplace. Employees come from different backgrounds, geographic or global areas, ethnic and cultural origins, and have unique skills and talents. Individuals must work together and merge skills and manage diversity effectively in the workplace. Our thoughts, actionsRead MoreWhy A Diverse Workplace Matters?1093 Words   |  5 Pagesvarious scholars has found that a diverse workplace, if managed properly, can do wonders for the success of an organization. Diversity means differences due to race, gender, ethnic groups, age, personality, tenure, organizational function, educational background, etc. Diversity involves how people perceive themselves and how they perceive others. These perceptions affect their interactions. Why a diverse workplace matters? / Benefits of workplace diversity An organization’s success and competitiveness

Monday, December 9, 2019

Importance Of Site Investigation And Retaining Walls Construction Essay Example For Students

Importance Of Site Investigation And Retaining Walls Construction Essay As a Construction Management Consultant of I-Consult Ltd appointed by I- Build Sdn Bhd, I am required to suggest different types of retaining wall system available. My proposal focuses on the site probe, importance of retaining wall, building methods, design constructs and preventative steps to extenuate functional failures. I am required to suggest an appropriate choice of the most suited retaining wall system used to the Board of Directors, in which the undertaking is located at hilly country which consists of 20 units of luxury cottages. In this proposal, I am traveling to discourse: the importance of site probe, the importance of retaining wall, the construct of retaining wall, types of retaining wall the most suited retaining wall for this hilly undertaking. Outline1 The Importance of Site probe2 Failure of Site Investigation3 What is Retaining Wall?4 The Concept of Retaining Wall5 DESIGN PRINCIPLES6 Earth PRESSURES7 Stability8 Consequence OF WATER9 SLIP CIRCLE FAILURE10 The Importance of a Retaining Wall11 Retaining Walls Hold Back the Earth12 Retaining Walls Provide More Useable Land13 Retaining Walls Avoid the Ground from Washing Away14 Types of Wall15 Mass retaining walls16 Cantilever walls17 Counterfort Retaining Walls18 Reinforced masonry retaining walls19 Decision The Importance of Site probe Every semisynthetic civil technology construction is found on, in or with land. The construction we put on the land is semisynthetic. We can command to plan every point that goes into our construction, such as concrete, support, bricks and even the last wall stopper. However, the land below on which this construction will stand is non semisynthetic. We normally have less cognition about it and we doubtless can non plan or command its behaviour. The land below will find the economic systems of how tall, how heavy, how safe the concluding construction is traveling to be and non the other manner unit of ammunition. In short, the safety and economic sciences of every civil technology construction is influenced by the belongingss of the land on which this construction will stand. These belongingss of the land below or sub-soil belongingss are obtained via Site Investigation. In any site probe work, the inquiries which should be resolved in finding the probe plan are: What type of probe is needed, Why they are needed, Where the existent field plants should be performed, How the work is to be done. Whether the probe is sufficient or excessively much. Site probe is usually important and carried out prior to the beginning of design of a building undertaking. Site probe has been defined as probe of the physical features of the site and includes documental surveies, site studies and land probe. It is besides refers to the existent surface or subsurface probe, including on site and research lab trials. In wide sense, survey of the site history and environment, reading and analyses of all available informations, and doing recommendations on the favorable/unfavorable locations, economic and safe design, and anticipation of possible hazards should besides be included in site probes. First and first, a desk survey to uncover informations which may already be refering the site, its geology and history, together with a site reconnaissance, is priceless and can be done before purchase at minimum cost. This may be followed by test roughness, examining or tiring as appropriate to the conditions revealed by predating surveies and in the visible radiation of the development proposals. It is besides a safeguard to minimise harm that could be caused by these dirts could besides be communicated at this phase. At least place inhabitants would be alerted to possible jobs ( and the associated costs ) from the beginning, therefore enabling them to do informed determinations sing the most appropriate foundation system for their places. Site probe is designed to place the features of dirts or fill stuffs which lie beneath the site, the groundwater conditions and the being and extent of other physical characteristics or contaminations which may be present. This information influences the choice and design of an appropriate structural signifier for the proposed edifice. It is a procedure which should go on on an iterative footing throughout the design and building stages. Post-construction monitoring can besides be of importance in many cases as portion of a proof procedure. The combined edifice tonss indicated in figure 1 must be safely supported by the undersoil and besides guarantee that unreasonable motions of the edifice do non happen. If the back uping dirt is sufficient resistant and its features under burden are likely to stay satisfactory, the jobs of support and motion will be easy resolved. However, few soils other than stone can defy these concentrated tonss and it is normally necessary to roll up the single-minded tonss at their lowest point and reassign them to adequate bearing dirt known to be available on a peculiar site ( figure 2 ) . Figure 1: Combined edifice tonss Figure 2: Method of reassigning combined edifice tonss to back uping dirt. The general distribution of dirt types in the United Kingdom is indicated in figure 3 ; the dirts include peat, clay, slit, sand and crushed rock. Matching safe bearing force per unit areas are besides given. Figure 3: simplified distribution of assorted types of back uping dirts Last, site probe should be undertaken by professional specializers, such as surveyors, geotechnical applied scientist and land probe contractor, and in a phased mode. The land probe contractor is responsible for supplying dependable factual information. The geotechnical adviser should responsible for the planning A ; executing of the probe plan, reading and analyses of consequences, and doing appropriate design recommendations to avoid over design every bit good as insecure design. Failure of Site Investigation Due to miss of or insufficiency of guide/code demand sing the extent every bit good as quality of site probe work, geotechnical failures frequently occurred. These failures sometime led to catastrophic catastrophe and imposed serious menace to public safety. For the Highland Incident in Kuala Lumpur in 1993, the Architect appointed qualified civil applied scientist to be the confer withing applied scientist for Highland Towers. Initially, civil applied scientist s range of plants was restricted to the structural facet of the three blocks. But later, the civil applied scientist was engaged by the developer to subject proposals over the drainage of the country. His drainage program was approved. He was besides retained by the developer to plan and oversee the building of two retaining walls on the Highland Towers site. The Plaintiffs claimed that the civil applied scientist was negligent for the undermentioned grounds: ( I ) Planing unsuitable foundations ; ( two ) Lack of attention and concern of the hill and incline ; ( three ) Publishing a notice to the governments corroborating the drainage plant was completed when merely a fraction of it was done. By the above Acts of the Apostless of preparing, planing and oversing the building of Highland Towers and the drainage system of the Highland Towers site, he was negligent and had caused nuisance to them. The civil applied scientist had used rail hemorrhoids welded together as foundation to back up the three flat blocks. This type of hemorrhoids, which was considered inferior to concrete hemorrhoids, was accepted in the technology and edifice industry to back up high-rise edifices at the material clip. Therefore, no mistake can be attributed to the civil applied scientist in utilizing the rail hemorrhoids as he was merely adhering to the recognized professional pattern at that clip. However, there was deficiency of consideration by the civil applied scientist to the hill and the incline straight behind the three blocks. The tribunal ruled that the civil applied scientist should hold moderately anticipate the danger of a landslide bring forthing a sidelong burden against the foundatio n of the edifice. For this, he should hold exercised attention to either design or concept a foundation to suit the sidelong burden or guarantee that the incline was moderately stable. Failure to make so is a breach of his responsibility of attention he owes to the Plaintiffs since his responsibility was to guarantee the safety of the edifices he designed and built. The civil applied scientist s effort to deny liability on the land that he relied on the developer to guarantee that other retaining walls were constructed decently was unsuccessful. The justice found that it was incumbent upon the civil applied scientist to ask and determine whether the work was that of a qualified professional and what its impact might be on the safety of his ain edifice. Symbolism of the Scarlet Letter EssayThe soil which remains has to dispatch when the side of a hill is dug out. If left entirely, it will finally comes toppling down. The soil will be held back and the safety will be ensured. Retaining Walls Provide More Useable Land A walk-out cellar, terrace, resort area, garden, tennis tribunal or swimming pool might be installed into proposed development. If the land is turn overing or hilly, work can non be begun until the land is leveled off. A kind of drop, where a portion of the proposed land which is non dug out is higher than the lower level land, will so be left out. Adding a retaining wall will hold more useable land every bit good as will add construction and beauty to your new country. Retaining wall can be used as stairss into the pool where pool equipments to be held. Retaining Walls Avoid the Ground from Washing Away If the country gets a batch of rainfall or close H2O such as lake, a retaining wall will maintain the H2O from gnawing the dirt of your landscape gardening and around your foundation. This could be a safety step to forestall landslides and river of soil from drifting towards the edifices. Types of Wall Mass retaining walls Mass retaining walls besides known as gravitation walls. They rely upon their ain mass together with the clash on the bottom of the base to get the better of the inclination to skid or turn over. They are by and large economic merely up to a tallness of 1.800m. Mass walls can be constructed of semi-engineering quality bricks bedded in a 1:3 cement howitzer or of aggregate concrete. Mass concrete could hold some light fabric support to command surface checking. Natural rock is suited for little walls up to 1.000m high, but by and large it is used as a facing stuff for walls up to 1.000m high, but by and large it is used as a facing stuff for wall over 1.000m. Typical illustrations of mass retaining walls are shown in figure 9 and 10: Figure 9: Brick Mass Retaining Walls Figure 10: Mass Concrete Retaining Wall with Stone Facings Cantilever walls Cantilever walls are normally of strengthened concrete, and work on the rules of purchase. Two basic signifiers can be considered: a base with a big heel so that the mass of the wall with a big toe ( figure 10 ) . The figure shows typical subdivisions and forms of support encountered with these basic signifiers of cantilever retaining wall. The chief steel occurs on the tenseness face of the wall, and nominal steel ( 0.15 % of the cross-sectional country of the wall ) is really frequently included in the opposite face to command the shrinking snap that occurs in unmoved concrete work. Reinforcement demands, bending, manufacturing and puting are dealt with in item in the subdivision on the strengthened concrete. Reinforced cantilever walls have an economic tallness scope of 1.200-6.000m. Walls in surplus of this tallness have been economically constructed utilizing prestressing techniques. Any lasting facing stuff may be applied to the surface to better the visual aspect of the wall, but it must be remembered that such coatings are cosmetic and add nil to the structural strength of the wall. Figure 10: Reinforced Concrete Cantilever Retaining Walls Counterfort Retaining Walls These walls can be constructed of strengthened or prestressed concrete, and are considered suited if the tallness is over 4.500m. The counterforts are triangular beams placed at suited Centres behind the root and above the base to enable the root and base to move as slabs crossing horizontally over or under the counterforts. Figure 11 and figure 12 show a typical subdivision and form of support for a counterofrt retaining wall. If the counterforts are placed on the face of the root they are termed buttresses, and the whole agreement is called a buttress-retaining wall. The design and building rules are similar in the two formats. Figure 11: Reinforced Concrete Counterfort Retaining Wall Figure 12: Reinforced Concrete Counterfort Retaining Wall Reinforced masonry retaining walls Steel support may be used in brick retaining walls to defy tensile forces and to forestall the effects of shear. A brick bonding agreement known as Quetta bond is used to make a unvarying distribution of perpendicular nothingnesss. Vertical steel support is tied to the foundation support and spaced to co-occur with purpose-built nothingnesss. The nothingnesss are filled with concrete to bring forth a series of strengthened concrete mini-columns within the wall when the brickwork is completed. Where visual aspect is non of import, or the wall is to have a surface intervention, support and unmoved concrete within hollow concrete block work provide for economical and functional building. Figure 13 shows the application of standard-profile, hollow, heavy concrete blocks lay in stretcher bond as lasting formwork to uninterrupted perpendicular columns. Figure 13: Reinforced Concrete Block Retaining Wall The height potency and slenderness ratio ( effectual tallness to width ) for reinforced masonry walls can be enhanced by post-tensioning the construction. For intents of brick walls there are a figure of building options, including: Quetta bond with steel bars concrete in the nothingnesss ; Stretcher-bonded broad pit with strengthened steel bars coated for corrosion protection ; Solid wall of pierced bricks with uninterrupted nothingnesss incorporating grouted steel support bars. Some illustrations are shown in figure 14: Figure 14: Post-tensioned Brick Retaining Walls Decision Based on treatment shown on above, I would wish to choose Cantilever retaining wall as the most suited retaining wall for the undertaking where is located at hilly country which consists of 20 units of luxury cottages. Equally shown as above, a cantilever retaining wall is a signifier of masonry installing that holds a big sum of Earth in topographic point. The cantilever design is merely one of several fluctuations on a retaining wall design, utilizing assorted rules to pull off earth tonss. Cantilever retaining wall has an economic tallness scope of 1.200-6.000m. This type of retaining wall is suited for cottages because the tallness is sufficient to back up the cottages. A concrete cantilever retaining wall uses a comparatively thin root of steel-reinforced, cast-in-place, concrete or mortared masonry. In a cantilever retaining wall design, an Earth force per unit area vector acts horizontally against the side of the wall. The bottom portion of the wall presents a gravitation vector downward. That gravitation vector produces an opposite force upward. The ensuing vector counters the Earth force per unit area vector, and pushes back against the Earth burden. This type of retaining wall is more stable compared to the other three types which stated on above in order to construct 20 units of luxury cottages because the tonss are distributed every bit. Retaining wall design is evaluated to chair the effects of a landslide. Retaining walls can be helpful in protecting dirt against the sorts of motion associated with these natural catastrophes. Looking at landslide hazard and the hazard of liquefaction, the H2O impregnation of Earth, is portion of measuring how a retaining wall plants. Cantilever retaining wall is one that consists of a unvarying thickness wall which is tied to a terms. It located at the cellar of cottages. Therefore, cantilever retaining wall will keep back the Earth. Soil eroding, landslides and environment catastrophes are less likely to be occurred. In other words, checking and prostration of 20 units of luxury cottages are avoided. Weep holes are designed in the cantilever retaining wall to let go of the extra force per unit area created by a accrued H2O and helps in stabilising the retaining wall. This ensures the edifice will non fall in due to the fast flow of H2O on the hill. In decision, a suited retaining wall is able to stabilise the dirt and avoid overturning and sliding of edifice. Beside, a suited retaining wall can besides assist in salvaging the building cost. Therefore, cantilever retaining wall is the most suited retaining wall for 20 units of luxury cottages which are located on the hilly country.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Issues for UEL students in managing their time

Abstract This study was designed to identify the issues for UEL students in managing their time and balancing their studies with their private lives. Data were collected from the University of East London (UEL) through the use of questionnaires and interviews. A total of 20 respondents were selected for the questionnaire survey while the interviews were conducted on 10 participants.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Issues for UEL students in managing their time specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There was 100 percent response rate given the small number of participants. The results indicate that many students have a challenge in managing their time effectively. The study recommended students to be using various strategies for time management. Introduction There is no doubt that time management is a critical aspect in the lives of students at the university. Most students are faced with circumstances where they are required to balance between their private lives and their studies. This is a common experience among students in UEL and in other institutions of learning across the globe. However, time management is not easily achieved as many students find it very challenging and difficult. Some of the issues identified in research to be contributing to poor time management among people in general include ineffective relationships, poor attitude, fatigue and the weather (Kà ¶nig and Kleinmann, 2007). For students, leading issues that prevent them from managing their personal lives and studies effectively include interruptions such as television, guests, meetings, or crisis. Procrastination and indecision has also been identified by researchers to be a major contributor of time waste among university students and people in general (Dom, et al., 2006). Cell phones and computer devices are good innovations in communication technology, but they can also become a huge time waste for students. The dev ices have very attractive application which students can spend a bulk of their time using at the expense of other important activities (Jex and Elacqua, 1999). Study objectives This seeks to identify the issues for UEL students in managing their time and balancing their studies with their private lives.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Relevance of study Most students face difficulty in managing their time. They face challenges when it comes to balancing their academic work and their private lives (Eerde, 2003). Some get engaged into relationships which end up taking much of their time thereby making it difficult for them to concentrate on academic work (Margol and Kleiner, 1989). However, it is possible to balance between personal lives and studies. The issues identified in this study and the recommendations provided will be of paramount help to the students. Methodology Statistical methods were used for analysing and summarising the data collected. The primary data collected during the research were both qualitative and quantitative nature. The approach to be adopted for data analysis is mixed method approach because it allows for a parallel analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data (Groves, et al., 2011). The quantitative measure focuses on subjecting the data into categories which can be counted. The process of analysing the data required testing for data integrity, descriptive analysis, making comparison, testing for reliability, and making predictions based on the relationship of the data (Groves, et al., 2011). Testing for data integrity involved checking the questions from the survey instrument to ensure that the responses are within normal range and are reasonable (Adà ¨r and Mellenbergh, 2008). Descriptive statistics will seek to measure the central tendency for each question in the survey too that collects quantified data. Statistical method s to be used for making comparison include t-test and one way ANOVA whereas the method for finding relationship between various variables and making prediction is the correlation test (Groves, et al., 2011). Analysis of qualitative data involved a process that begins by coding themes or responses that recur. The researcher first had to read through the responses and take note of recurring themes. The themes identified were categorised and then codes assigned to each category. The categories were compared for relevant statistical analysis before the researcher draws theoretical conclusion from the analysis (Mitchell and Jolley, 2012).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Issues for UEL students in managing their time specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sampling is important for finding the data to be analysed and using a correct data for a research. A purposeful sampling is one that has nothing to with probability. It i s used to target a particular group of people. Purposive sampling is used whenever the population of the study is just too difficult to find. This can be due to the nature of the study. At the same time, recruiting the population may take a long time so that the research may go on in good faith. This type of sampling may force one to have to recruit a population. Whenever this is done, the credential of the research is lost as sometime the recruited (Adà ¨r and Mellenbergh, 2008) population may act totally different from the actual population that would have been interviewed instead. Assuming that this method of sampling was to be used in the study, I would be required to look for the appropriate population but of which in this case is very easy to find the population. This research is broad and the population is very much available. Quantitative research design uses probability sampling to come up with a representative sample of the entire population (Mitchell and Jolley, 2012). T he population of this research is composed of the female students at the university. The population of this research is composed of the university students at from the University of East London. A total of 20 students were chosen for the survey. The students ranged from first year to senior level students. The selection process relied on random sampling in order to avoid biasness and to have a representative sample of the whole population. The age of the participants ranged from 20 to 25 years. The respondents were also selected from different cultural and ethnic background including. It is also important that the survey tools be tested for both reliability and validity (Groves, et al., 2011). Determination of reliability will be done through conduction of piloting program where a small section of the sample population will be issued with the survey tools in order to identify any sections of the tool where there are errors.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After the piloting program, the reliability of the survey will be further tested to ensure that it remains consistent. Consistency test here entails rating of the items over time. This is done to determine whether the one specific item in the tool can yield the same response when administered at different times. Through the use of Pearson Correlation Coefficient, the result of this reliability test can be determined. Reliability tests can also involve determining whether a single respondent can provide same information when subjected to different circumstances. For instance, the target population in this study is the aged population above 50 years old. This demography is faced with a lot of psychological issues and sometimes circumstances can determine their response towards issues. The process of coding during data analysis depends on the subject and hence it is important that the consistency tests be done for reliability of the tool. Results and Data analysis Issue Percentage o f respondents Internet 15 Friends 30 Extracurricular commitments 30 Dating 20 Family 5 Graph 1: Percentage of respondents Discussion From the data analysis, the study was able to confirm the findings of similar studies. Students at the university generally find it challenging to manage the time effectively. The researcher had already identified major issues preventing students from effectively managing their time from the review of secondary data. The issues identified included friends, club meetings and demands, dating, family, and computer devices. These issues were also identified as a key time wasters for many students at the university. With a response rate of 100 percent, the results indicated that majority of the respondent had a lot of daily engagements. They were required to balance between their studies and private lives. Some of the respondents were into relationships while others were into student leadership positions in various clubs and societies within t he university. The respondents who were in leadership positions admitted to show some sense of effective time management. This was mainly due to the fact that they are required to be effective in their work and to lead by example. These students fill in their diaries on daily basis just to ensure that they manage their activities effectively. Out of those interviewed, there were 11 female respondents and 19 male respondents. Graph1 shows that the two major issues affecting students are friends and extracurricular commitments. Majority of the participants reported that friends take much of their time and are a major impediment towards time management. Conclusion The study sought to identify the major issues in time management faced by students at the university. A total of 20 respondents were selected for the questionnaire survey while the interviews were conducted on 10 participants. There was 100 percent response rate given the small number of participants. The results indicate tha t many students have a challenge in managing their time effectively. Appendix Appendix: Questionnaire interview A semi structured survey instrument prepared to survey the issues for UEL students in managing their time and balancing their studies with their private lives. Are you male or female? What is your age? Indicate your year of study Do you believe that it is possible to effectively balance between personal live and studies through time management? How often do you plan your time? Please indicate how your daily schedule normally looks like How effective are you in time management? Rate the following common issues according to how they affect your time management Always Often Moderate Less often Never Mobile phones Internet Friends Club meetings and demands Dating What do think are other issues that prevent students at this university from managing their time effectively? Appendix 2: interview Question Present categories Emerging categories What are your views on the importance of time management among students? Creates a balance in various demands, effective planning, setting goals, doing the right thing at the time, prioritising activities, delegating responsibilities Setting deadlines How would you explain your life as a student in terms of engagement? Are you involved in so many activities or are you simply focusing on your studies? Busy, active life, I have a lot of responsibilities, challenging, I am hardly engaged, I only focus on academics I balance family, school work, and my job Why do you think that students find it challenging to effectively balance between their private lives and their studies Wrong attitude, laziness, procrastination, students generally love to hangout Spending a lot of time in the rooms watching TV or playing video games. What are the main issues involved in time management? interruptions such as television, guests, meetings, or crisis Procrastination Please state s ome common timewasters among students Mobile phones, internet, TV, video games, computer devices, friends Dating, looking for books in the library, moving from one section of the campus to another How do you think students can effectively manage their time in order to create a balance between their studies and their personal lives? Creating â€Å"to do† list every day, planning time every single day, setting goals, prioritising activities Delegating responsibilities where applicable References Adà ¨r H Mellenbergh G 2008, Advising on Research Methods: A consultant’s companion, Johannes van Kessel Publishing, Huizen. Dom G, D’haene P, Hulstijn W Sabbe B 2006, Impulsivity in abstinent early-and late-onset alcoholics: Differences in self-report measures and a discounting task, Addiction, vol. 101 no. 1, pp. 50-59. Eerde WV 2003, Procrastination at work and time management training, The Journal of Psychology, vol. 137 no. 5, pp. 421-434. Groves R et al 2011, Survey methodology, John Wiley Sons, New York. Jex SM Elacqua TC 1999, Time management as a moderator of relations between stressors and employee strain, Work and Stress, vol. 13 no. 2, pp. 182-191. Kà ¶nig CJ Kleinmann M 2007, Time Management Problems and Discounted Utility, The Journal of Psychology, vol. 141 no. 3, pp. 321-334. Margol J Kleiner BH 1989, New Developments in Effective Time Management, Management decision, vol. 27 no. 5, pp. 28-34. Mitchell, M Jolley, J 2012, Research design explained, Cengage learning, Florence. This report on Issues for UEL students in managing their time was written and submitted by user Edith Martin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

What Is Emory Pre-College Program Should You Apply

What Is Emory Pre-College Program Should You Apply SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In this guide, I'll be discussing the Emory Pre-College Program, a summer program for high school students located at Emory University. The program allows students to take college-level classes (either for credit or non-credit) while living on campus at Emory or commuting. There are several subprograms under the Emory Pre-College Program (EPCP) umbrella, and while you can read all about it on the programwebsite, someinformation can be difficult to track down. For this reason, I’ve gathered all the necessary program information (details about the program, application information, cost, and more) and put it into this easy-to-read guide. I’ve created a Table of Contents so you can findeachsection if you’re only interested in a specific topic; however, I recommend reading the entire guide. Please note thatthis information is up to date for the Summer 2016 program, but program details may change for following years. What Is the Emory Pre-College Program? What Do You Do in the Program? Why Should You Attend? How To Apply and Application Requirements How Much Does It Cost? Tips on How to Get In Featured Image: Christopher Octa/Flickr What Is the Emory Pre-College Program? What Do You Do in the Program? The Emory Pre-College Program is a program for high school juniors and seniors that offers a preview of college life. Each year around 300 participants take classes and live on Emory’s campus in the dorms (you can also choose to commute) throughout the summer. There are threecourse options for program participants. You can choose to take two-week non-credit courses, six-week credit courses (only offered to commuters), or a three-week institute. What Are the Similarities and Differences Between These Program Options? For students in all threeprograms, you are only allowed to take one class per two, three, or six-week term. However, if you have the time and money, you can enroll in anadditionalterm and take an additionalcourse/institute at that time. For the two-week non-credit courses and three-week institutes, students have the option to commute or live on campus.Studentshave class 9-11:30am Monday-Friday. After class, students have lunchthenhave free time or optional activities (such as volunteer opportunities or Atlanta area excursions) from 1-4pm. In the late afternoon (4-5:30), students participate in college prep courses (known as College 101) that teach students about topics such as the college application process, financial aid, and picking a college major. After College 101, there is dinner, followed by free time or optional activities such as movie screenings or group outings to a Braves game. Curfew is at 11 pm on weekdays and midnight on weekends. On Saturdays, students in the two-week non-credit course program participate in afull day of pre-planned activities in the Atlanta area. On Sundays, students have free time with optional activities available. For the six-week credit courses, all students must commute, but they're invited to participate in all the optional social activities mentioned above (Atlanta outings, screenings, etc.).Students' schedules vary by the class they choose to take.Students will be enrolledalongside Emory undergraduates andare subject to the same academic requirements as Emory undergraduates. Thesix-week credit course will count towards your futurecollege academic record, which includes yourcollege GPAand college transcript.Your Emory transcript will needto be submitted when you apply to college. Who’s Eligible for the Program? The basic application requirements for all applicants are: Be rising high school juniors orseniors who will be at least 15 years old by the program orientation date.(If you’ve already graduated from high school, you’re ineligible.) If you’re applying to participate in a lab science course, you must be at least 16 years old by the program orientation date. Have a minimum of a 3.0 GPA. If you’re an international student, you’re only eligible for the non-credit courses or institutes, and you also must meet the following qualifications: If English isn’t your first language, you must submit a TOEFL score and score close to 100 on the internet-based test. Other recognized English language qualification test scores, such as the Cambridge exams, may also be submitted. Have a valid passport. Have health insurance. What Are the Program Dates for Summer 2016? The programs dates for Summer 2016 vary by subprogram (two-week non-credit courses, six-week credit courses (only offered to commuters), or a three-week institute). Some subprograms such as the two-week non-credit courses and six-week credit courses are offered multiple times during Summer 2016. However, the different sessions have different course offerings, so look into the courses offered during each session before choosing your session date. (NOTE: the course offerings for 2016 haven't been posted yet.) Session A (two-week non-credit course): June 20 - July 1, 2016 Session B (two-week non-credit course): July 5 - July 15, 2016 Session C (two-week non-credit course): July 18 - July 29, 2016 Three-week non-credit institutes: July 5 - July 22, 2016 Session 1 (six-week credit course): May 16 - June 24, 2016 Session 2 (six-week credit course): June 27 - August 5, 2016 Why Should You Attend the Emory Pre-College Program? I’ve broken down the pros and cons of Emory's pre-college programbelow. Pros of the EPCP Test out Emory to see if it’s the right college for you. Take college courses: figure out what you might be interested in majoring in (you’d be surprised, you could find out you hate Art and want to study Biology or vice versa). Also, if you attend the 6-week program, you can get college credit. If residential, experiment with living away from your parents for the first time and gain some independence. Receive help with the college application process from Emory experts. Have a prestigious program on your resume for your college applications. If you have a positive experience with your Emory professor, you can get a letter of recommendation for your college application. These pros are useful no matter where you end up going to college, so the Pre-College program can be beneficial even if you aren't interested in or certain you want to attend Emory. Cons of the EPCP Expensive,although there is some financial aid available (I discuss the cost and financial aid below). While many program participants do go on to attend Emory, there is no guarantee of admissions and no guarantee that participating will better your chances of admission. I’d highly recommend doing the Emory Pre-College Program if you can afford it and it works withyour summer schedule. I participated in a similar program at UCLA, and the program allowed me to figure out whether I was interested in attending UCLA (which I found out I wasn’t) and what kind of coursework I wanted to pursue. How To Apply and Application Requirements You apply directly to your program of choice, either the two-week non-credit courses, six-week credit courses, or three-week institute.If you’re interested in more than one program, you can apply to multiple prorgams but will need to submit a separate application for each. Applications are accepted on a rolling basis beginning in January, butstudents hoping to receivefinancial aid (which I’ll discuss more in-depth below) should apply before the preferred financial aid deadline: April 1.While the final application deadline for Summer 2016 has not yet been decided, the Pre-College program suggests you apply early as housingis limited for the program. This suggestion seems to indicatethe earlier you apply, the more likely you'll be accepted. Program administrators will review your application and notify you via email of acceptance into the program.I spoke to someone at Emory'sPre-College office who said they look to accept students into the Pre-College programwho would be qualified to attend Emory University.Not everyone who applies will be accepted. I'll give tips on how to get acceptedbelow. The application requirements for all applicants (US International for all programs) are: $70 non-refundable application fee (paid by credit card when you apply online). Completedonline application questionnaire (asks for demographic, parent/guardian, and educational information). Submission ofan official high school transcript (which must include your grades from 9th grade through the fall of your current school year). If you’ve attended more than one high school, you will need to submit transcripts from both schools. An SAT or ACT score report sent to Emory, if available. If you haven’t yet taken the ACT or SAT, you can submit your PSAT score or PLAN report. One recommendation from a teacher or counselor (through the online portal). You’ll need to submit the teacher/counselor's name, email, and phone number for them to complete the recommendation. Additional international applicant requirements: Submission ofan official secondary school transcript with certified English translations. In your recommendation, your teacher or counselor must state your English language proficiency level. Submission ofa writing sample. TOEFL score report from ETS (Educational Testing Service). A Skype interview may also be required. How Much Doesthe Emory Pre-College Program Cost? The exact cost of EPCP varies by program and whether you’ve decided to live on campus or commute.NOTE: Commuter costs cover the cost of all programs and off-campus events. Residential fees additionally cover room, board, and three daily meals. I’ve provided the breakdowns below: Two-Week Non-credit Course Commuter $2,694 Residential $3,851 Institute (noncredit, three weeks) Commuter: $3,941 Residential: $5,851 Six-Week Credit Course (Commuter only) Three Credit Course $4,389 Four Credit Course $5,817 Remember, on top of these fees, there is a $70, non-refundable, application fee. There is also a required $350 deposit thatis non-refundable and must be paid upon acceptance into the program to secure enrollment. Is There Financial Aid? How Do You Apply? Yes, there is financial aid available, but it is only available to US Citizens or Permanent Residents and will not cover the full cost of the program. Awards range from $500 to $1000, depending on financial need and academic merit. How do you apply for financial aid?You must first complete your Emory Pre-College application and submit the $70 application fee (there is no application fee waiver available).In addition, to be considered for financial aid, you need to submit the following before April 1st, 2016: The two-pagePre-College Program Financial Aid Application (NOTE: the link is to the summer 2015 financial aid application; the summer 2016 financial aid application will not be available until January 2016) Your parents' 2015 tax returns Submit these materials either with the rest of your application or mail or fax themseparately to the Emory Pre-College Program. Fax: 404-727-6724 Address: Emory University Pre-College ProgramCandler Library, Suite 200Mailstop: 1580-002-2AA550 Asbury CircleAtlanta, GA 30322 Who Qualifies for Financial Aid? According to the Pre-College Program website, â€Å"Awards will be primarily based on demonstrated financial need and academic merit will be a secondary consideration.†Both your financial aid application (including household income, household size, and cost of attendance to your specific subprogram) and your academic history (including transcript, test scores, and teacher/guidance counselor recommendation) will be considered whendeciding if you get financial aid and how much aid you receive. Tips on How to Get In As I mentioned above, not everyone who applies to the program will be accepted. While the Emory Pre-College office doesn't publish their acceptance rate, I spoke to the Emory Pre-College office, and they said they look to accept students into the Pre-College programwho would be qualified to attend Emory University. Therefore, if you’re dying to get into the EPCP, you should try to get your GPA and scores close to (or better yet above) the GPA and score of Emory’s freshmen admits.The 25th/75th percentile average unweighted GPA for Emory’s admitted freshmen is typically 3.70 – 3.97. The 25th/75th percentile SAT score was 2020–2260, and the 25th/75th ACT score was 30-34. If you don’t meet these qualifications, don’t freak out. You’re applying for the Pre-College Program, not to Emory College, so you’ll still have a chance of admission to the Pre-College Program with lower test scores and a lower GPA. However, to have the best chance of acceptance, you’ll want to improve your test scores and GPA. While you may not have a lot of time before applying, there are ways to raise your GPA fast.If you haven’t taken the SAT or ACT yet or already took the one of the testsbut scored low, we have guides to help you raise your low ACT score or SAT score. Since there is no essay or personal statement to show who you are and your desire to do the program, your transcript, scores, and letter of recommendation need to show what a stellar student you are. For your recommendation, make sure you get the best letter you can. Check out 4 amazing example letters and 3 bad examples. What’s Next? Learn about the college application process: How To Do College Research Right: Step-By-Step Guide Complete Strategies: Common App Essay Prompts (2015-16) How to Pay for College: A Complete Guide Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Exploratory Essay on Immigration

Exploratory Essay on Immigration Exploratory Essay on Immigration Immigration into the USA has recently become a contentious issue in the national debate. Democrats and Republicans have clashed with each other, and with the White House. Republicans have clashed with Republicans as well. Why is immigration such a problem to a country that was founded on immigrants, and has inscribed â€Å"Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free.† on their famous Statue of Liberty. There are several reasons that emerge in the debate. The historical source of immigrants and national identity is a main one. The original immigrants to the USA were in fact Anglo Saxon Protestants. As their national identity grew, they saw themselves as a Christian, Protestant, English speaking people and nation. As further waves of immigrants arrived, they were, if not Anglo Saxon, primarily western European, and Christian and mostly willing to learn English, and be absorbed into the American way. Even when the Irish, Italians and Polish made their way to the USA, although Catholic they were Europeans, who fit into the predominantly Anglo Saxon American identity. They were minorities, who learned English and accepted the status quo. Also, many of them brought needed skills to the country. This was a major factor of the sense of national identity, America was white, English and Protestant. The latent racial superiority overtones were only observed openly with regard to the African American slaves. However, as they were slaves and a small minority they were tolerated, if not welcomed. It is this that is driving some of the resistance to current immigration. The source of the new wave of immigrants is not European, or Anglo Saxon. Rather the main groups of immigrants are Latin Americans coming from South America, and the Caribbean island. They are predominantly Spanish speaking, unskilled, and Catholic, and arriving in great numbers. This threatens the national identity in various ways. The threat they pose to the original immigrants is first in the sheer magnitude of their numbers. In California, Texas, and Florida for example. This threatens to change the whole culture of these and other states. Instead of being absorbed into the American culture, learning English and providing skills, they are demanding education in Spanish for their children, and the majority has poor education, no English, few skills and no resources. Known as Hispanics there are about 50 million in the USA. Only Mexico has more. In the period 2010- 11 their numbers in the USA rose by 2.8 million. It is projected in 50 years time the Hispanics will constitute a third of the population of the USA. (U.S. Census Burea). It is this that has the Republicans concerned. With such numbers preferring to speak Spanish, be educated in Spanish, and keep their Catholic religion their immigration is seen as colonization. Their lack of skill and resources as a drain on social security, medical and educational resources. The massive amount of illegal immigrants already in the country is another problem. About 11 million are currently living in the USA illegally. To Republicans they are lawbreakers, criminals who need to be deported, not supported. Others say reality dictates they must be given legal status because it is impossible to arrest and deport them. Plus many have children that were born in the USA, are in schools, and see themselves as Americans. It is because of such complexities that immigration is such a contentious subject in the USA today. There seems to be no easy solution to the question of immigration into the USA, whether legal or illegal. Tips on writing: Exploratory essays ask questions to gather and share information on the topic about immigration. It is not necessary to find answers. Introductions for exploratory essays are broad, as you are making an inquiry into a topic, not proving a thesis. Present the topic and the questions you will ask. State your research question clearly state what you want to discover, and why. Identify the issue, its causes and other factors of immigration. Identify decision makers and other interested parties. You do not have to supply solutions as the paper is for the purpose of identifying the problem. If it happens that you need custom exploratory essays on immigration contact our professional writing company.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Business Ethics in Ford Motor Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business Ethics in Ford Motor Company - Essay Example The ethical issue in discussion will be ignoring customer complaints. Ford Motor Company is an American automaker based in Detroit Michigan. The multinational. The company was incorporated in 1903. It was founded by Henry ford. It sells most of its commercial brands and automobiles under the â€Å"Ford† brand and sells its luxury vehicles under the brand â€Å"Lincoln.† Preceded by General Motors, Ford in currently ranked as the second largest auto maker in the U.S. Though the company adheres to most of its ethical code, it has been found to ignore some. Birsch (1994) states that one such case and point is the infamous â€Å"Ford Pinto Case.† The company has also faced other cases including a class action law suit for racial discrimination in 2006. This is according to Ferrellet al (2013). In more recent times, Ford Motor Company has been accused of not paying attention to customer complains. This seems to be a weakness in the company’s ethics as it is ign oring customer complaints that led to the Ford Pinto case. This is according to Birsch (1994). Many are of the opinion that the company is in dire straits and is willing to sacrifice its customers so as to save itself. Many people claim to have for example given numerous complaints about the Ford F-150 King Ranch. A car which they say has many problems. Local dealerships have turned a deaf ear to this and so has the manufacturer. Customers claim that it is universal practice for Ford to deny that a problem exists until ones warranty expires. This behavior by the manufacturer has led owners of recent ford models to lose confidence in their vehicles. Problems have also been found in the Ford Ranger. Problems with their vehicles range from minor to quite dangerous. There have been reports of Ford Ranger XLT brakes failing to work when it’s raining. Such a problem could prove disastrous.

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Analyzing a building or architecture based on several questions, see Essay

Analyzing a building or architecture based on several questions, see them in the uploaded file - Essay Example The size of the arena is estimated by the seating arrangement which is 5,110 permanent seats with 7,610 moveable chairs. Dorton Arena is opened to various patrons or clients across a diversity of the world. For instance, in the earlier days it was a residence of various sports teams and presently is the residence of the Caroline Rollergirls Its plan constituents steel, cast iron, parabolic arches, ground and tiers underneath rigid chairs are concrete. The support-hanging roof is a grooved metal decking enclosed with a bonded ceiling cover, while the edge columns are concrete-encased steel. Windows are steel framed with painted, glare-reducing glass. Therefore the materials used widely for construction are steel and concrete. The purpose of the building was for multi-use but the initial intention was to be just a domestic animals exhibition area and later, in the finishing point, still, it was approved extended use, showing the current necessitate for flexibility in the plan of intern al venues. For example it was a perfect place for business shows, graduations, sporty events, circuses, speakers, and other special events. In addition to above events, the arena is also used for concerts during the North Carolina State Fair. ... It is therefore a multipurpose building. In view of the fact that the building is multipurpose, it serves several people in the world who are in different sector of production. Furthermore, it is at the interest of the North Carolina especially in the following sectors; farming, production, business and education The building’s function influences its design in that, the literary & aesthetic value of the building completely compliments the wants of the functions taking place indoors, in the view that the tent-like, weigh down formed roof measures the original use of extra bent delay form in a structural design. In this case, the tiered seating of the ground and the line of the roof increase in equivalent. Comparing to other buildings that serve the same purpose, Dorton Arena is the most likeable structure because of its services that it provides. Thus, agriculture, industry, and commerce but it has seen a mixture of other functions. In the 1970’s it hosted the American Basketball Association’s Carolina, Raleigh Ice Caps, a minor league hockey team, called Dorton its home from 1991 to 199. It is also specious and therefore accommodates many people than other buildings. It is again influencetial to the future designs. For instance, in 1957, the American organization of Architects acknowledged the arena as one of the top best structure most anticipated to persuade the expectations of American architecture. It was listed as a state famous headstone in 1972 and The National Park Service says the structure has been highly praised globally for its modern blending of design and engineering. It’s two-twisted parabolic arch plan, edge hold columns, and wire structure provides a clear view from anywhere indoors and the building's

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Modern Auditing Essay Example for Free

Modern Auditing Essay (Components of internal control) The chapter identified five components of internal control. Listed below are specific control policies and procedures prescribed by Suntron Company. 1. Management gives careful consideration to the requisite knowledge and skills personnel need at all levels of the organization. Control environment. Planning, executing, controlling, and monitoring and entity’s activity is what is used to develop an overall framework for an entity to meet its objectives. 2. General controls and application controls are established in the electronic data processing department. Control activities, IT should be independent and should not correct data submitted by user departments. 3. Management acts to reduce or eliminate incentives and temptations that might lead individuals to engage in dishonest or illegal acts. Control environment. Management leads by example, by demonstrating integrity and ethical behavior. 4. Management is alert to complaints received from customers about billing errors. Monitoring. Management may receive separate evaluations, such as from bank examiners. 5. Management gives special consideration to the risks that can arise from the use of information technology in the accounting system. Risk assessment. Management should consider the risk of fraud and the financial consequences that fraud presents. 6. Employees’ responsibilities are assigned so as to avoid any individual’s being in a position to both commit an error or irregularity and then conceal it. Control activiites. Inventory records should periodically be compared with inventory on hand. 7. IT management has designed controls to prevent unauthorized use of IT equipment, data files, and computer programs. Control activities. Controls that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the recording, processing, and reporting of data by IT are properly performed for specific applications. 8. The processing of payroll includes a check on the total number of hours submitted. If more than 65 hours are reported in a weekly pay period, the transaction is printed on an exception report and put in a suspense file for additional review or additional authorization. Control activities. Computer routines that is in place to detect incomplete, incorrect, or unreasonable data. 9. Suntron’s internal audit staff periodically assesses the effectiveness of various ICS components. Monitoring. Reporting deficiencies to audit committee or full board of directors. 10. Policy manuals, accounting and financial reporting manuals, and a chart of accounts. Information and communication. Providing an understanding of individual roles and responsibilities in regards to internal control over financial reporting. have been developed and implemented. Required a. Identify the components of internal control to which each policy or procedure relates. b. For each item, identify one other policy or procedure for that internal control component that is not on the preceding list.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

The Power President George W. Bush’s Speech On 9/11/01 -- Public Speak

The Power President George W. Bush’s Speech On 9/11/01 No one will forget the day we saw planes crash into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and perish into Shanksville, Pennsylvania’s countryside. On September 11, 2001 terror struck the heart of every American citizen. We did not know who was responsible for this mass murder and why anyone would do such a thing. Over 3,000 people died that gruesome day. 2,654 people were killed at the World Trade Center, 125 at the Pentagon, and 265 on the four airplanes the crashed. The country was in a state of turmoil and disbelief. That evening President George W. Bush gave a moving speech to console and unify our nation after the brutal attacks. After talking about Kenneth Burke’s pentad in class I felt that the "act" of President Bush’s speech was to address the citizens of the United States of America. The "scene" was September 11, 2001 in the United States of America. The "agent" was President George W. Bush. The "agency" was a televised speech. The "purpose" was to empower and unify the United States of America. I felt the r... The Power President George W. Bush’s Speech On 9/11/01 -- Public Speak The Power President George W. Bush’s Speech On 9/11/01 No one will forget the day we saw planes crash into the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and perish into Shanksville, Pennsylvania’s countryside. On September 11, 2001 terror struck the heart of every American citizen. We did not know who was responsible for this mass murder and why anyone would do such a thing. Over 3,000 people died that gruesome day. 2,654 people were killed at the World Trade Center, 125 at the Pentagon, and 265 on the four airplanes the crashed. The country was in a state of turmoil and disbelief. That evening President George W. Bush gave a moving speech to console and unify our nation after the brutal attacks. After talking about Kenneth Burke’s pentad in class I felt that the "act" of President Bush’s speech was to address the citizens of the United States of America. The "scene" was September 11, 2001 in the United States of America. The "agent" was President George W. Bush. The "agency" was a televised speech. The "purpose" was to empower and unify the United States of America. I felt the r...

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Management and Steps

|Name: |Date: | Graded Assignment Test Part 2: Thinking and Feeling 1. Write one short-term goal for enhancing your sense of self, and list all of the steps necessary to achieve the goal. The steps to your goal must include how you will deal with the positive and negative influences on your sense of self. (15 points) One goal to enhance my sense in self would to probably be to go to the gym and work out my muscular shape.The steps would include going to the gym daily and following the trainer's instructions on how to build my muscle. The steps might go as follows: 1. Go to gym every day to increase muscular mass. 2. Every night preform a few exercises and such to maintain muscle mass 3. Eat healthy and lots of protein. 4. Take trainers advice of what else must be done. Some positive influences on my sense of self might be my social environment (Lots of close friends who actually will go to the gym with me so it applies to my goal as well).My friends also encourage me in whatever I choose to do. I will welcome this encouragement and it will definitely help me reach my goal. A negative influence might be an internal critic saying that I can't reach my goal and that its way too hard and takes too much time. I will try to ignore this idea and focus on succeeding my goal and won't stop until I do. 2. Imagine you are teaching a fifth grader about health. Write a paragraph for the fifth grader that explains why effective communication is related to health.Include a definition of â€Å"effective communication† in your paragraph. (15 points) Effective communication is being able to talk with someone in a better way, a way that both talkers will understand each other more clearly. Good communication first requires that you know what you are trying to talk to. If you don't know what you are trying to say, it is difficult to communicate an effective message. It also means being able to listen to others, to let them know what you are thinking and feeling, and to sa y â€Å"no† when you need to.Effective communication is important to health because people understand each other a lot better with effective communication. Most people already think they know how to communicate well, that may be true, but how many times have you felt frustrated that someone didn't really understand what you were trying to say? Or that you didn't â€Å"get† what someone was telling you? Or that you agreed to do something you didn't want to do? With effective communication you can learn how to talk and communicate with people better, which is a lot better for your health. 3.Pick a specific mental or emotional problem. List at least 5 signs or symptoms of that problem. Then list at least 3 actions you would take if a friend showed these signs. Then write down one reliable source of help you would use if your friend needed immediate help. (15 points) Five symptoms of depression are: 1) Deep sadness or emptiness 2) Feeling hopeless, guilty, helpless or wort hless 3) Unable to make decisions 4) Weight or appetite changes 5) Wanting to be alone most of the time To help my friend with his problems, first I would suggest a counselor for him to go to.I would never leave him alone and always comfort him at all times. I would always make it clear for my friend that I am there for him and will help him deal with all his problems. 4. Write down one source of stress in your life. List the 3 steps of self-management, and create a plan to manage that stress in a healthy way. Your plan should have at least 4 stress management techniques. (15 points) One source of stress in my life is the large amount of summer course work I have to do. The three steps of self-management include: Identify the stressor. What's bothering you? This is the most important step. * Change or manage the way you respond to the stressor. * Ask for help from a parent or guardian, a trusted friend, a counselor, or another trusted adult. My plan is to practice the three steps of self-management and then practice the following 4 steps: 1. Set realistic goals and prioritize what has to be done 2. Eat nutritious foods and get enough sleep. 3. Relax by deep breathing 4. Take time to do entertaining stuff (play sports, watch tv)

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Are good intentions necessary for moral action

The intention of the man to return the phone is enough to account for moral action. But, consequentiality like Bethel believes that the consequence of the moral action determines whether the actions are right or wrong not the intention, even though the intention may be good; the means justifies the end. For example, if the man who finds the phone and thinks to return it but forget, his act is morally wrong because the consequence of his action did not bring out a good outcome. The phone of the owner is still missing. The consequence of the action seems to be a better determinant for oral action rather than good intentions.Sometimes, no matter how pure the good intentions are, they do not always lead to good outcomes. Good intentions could bring about disaster such as in case of terrorism. People fail to think about the outcome of the intention before acting out. The object and circumstance also play important roles in determining the moral action. Therefore, it cannot be the necessar y component of moral action unless the outcome is good. Terrorist to us seem like bad people who should be locked up or worse, deserve to die. Even though, we do not see this, terrorists believe they are sighting for a just cause.For example, the 9/1 1 attack in 2000, the terrorists believed they were fighting for the rights of Muslims who have experienced hate violence. So, to some people they were freedom fighters or soldiers like during a conventional war. According McPherson, terrorism, if compared to conventional war, is not wrong because they both attack non combatants. And sometimes, conventional war causes more harm than terrorism (Can p; 279). Terrorism is still wrong, the innocent are still killed and there is no side effect of justice being carried out.In fact, terrorism often does the opposite of what it sets out to achieve and produces tyranny forcing people to surrender or die. Unlike conventional war, terrorism often takes it too far and it is mostly an indirect form of confrontation like suicide bomber, a bomb planted on the street or even a person shooting people of a particular group out of nowhere. They do not consider the outcome of their actions. There is no way terrorism is a justifiable act, it is a threat to political party but to the public in general. They do have any remorse for vulnerable group such as children, hey take out their attacks on anyone (Can p; 272).It does not matter if the intentions of terrorist group are good and often they are not, the outcome of the action is worse and it causes a lot of disaster and damage to individuals and their family. Therefore, in the form of morality, terrorism breaks all form of moral codes and is wrong. Good intentions often go bad quite easily because we as individuals has different views about life and what seems good to us might be terrible to another. Sometimes, we treat others how feel we should treated not considering they may not like that.We often hear the expression, â€Å"it is the thought that counts,† but you cannot guarantee that the person will be thinking the way you are when you perform the action. All the individual sees is the action and not the intent. For example, if I bought my friend threw my friend a surprise party without knowing she hates surprise parties because she has a disorder. She walks and everyone yells surprise and she starts screaming in panic and ends in a hospital. The intention was good but the outcome not so much, although, all people see is a bad friend.The fault with good intention is that it tries to please everyone which is not possible and ends up making situations worse than they are. Sometimes, people never consider thinking about the outcome before they play it out the action. For example, in political campaigns when the politicians promise the crowd pleaser such healthcare, decrease in poverty etc and they are elected. A few months into the term, and there is no observable action on a better healthcare system or a decline in poverty rates because there is a decline in the economy and tax is increased, the citizens will complain.It will not matter f the politician has a good intention because the outcome was not good. You can not sell a car mentally to a person; therefore, you cannot mentally assume that people know your intention is good. Good intention is not relevant component of moral action unless the outcome of the action is good. In order for an action to be morally good, the three components must be good or at least neutral in its object with consideration of the circumstance and have a good intention (Curran & McCormick p; 221). This means that even though the intention is good as long as the object or circumstance of the action is bad, the action is bad.The aim or purpose of the act determines the object. The ‘Voodoo, why, where, how and by what means† determines the circumstance of the moral act. For example, let us take the case of a suicide bomber named Hosannas. A m an, Hosannas, is forced to commit suicide bombing to save his family. He commits suicide bombing and about 200 people are killed in the mall. In this scenario, the object of the act, killing of innocent people, is bad. The intention is good, sacrificing his life for his family, therefore preserving life.The circumstance of the act is bad: (who) about 200 innocent people doing their jobs or shopping in the mall dies; (why) Hosannas was killing to protect his family; (where) Hosannas is the mall filled with innocent people;(how) he blew himself up along with the entire building; (by what means)with a bomb. Therefore, the moral action is bad despite the intention being good. Let us take another scenario, where Hosannas is a Muslim who believes the Muslim terrorist group are fighting for the Muslims and defending the religion. So, he takes matters into his hands and commits suicide bombing in the name of Allah and kills about 200 people in mall.In this scenario, the object of the act, k illing innocents, this is bad. The intention is good or indifferent, defending the Muslims against injustice. The circumstance of the act is bad: (who) about 200 innocent people doing their jobs or shopping in the mall dies; (why) Hosannas was defending the Muslim honor in the name of Allah; (where)Hosannas is in the mall filled with innocent people; (how) he blew himself and kills everyone the building too; (by what means )with a bomb. This scenario also shows another wrong action with the intention not being important.So, therefore, the object and circumstance play important roles in shaping the act as either being morally good or bad. As Saint Bernard of Calvarias said â€Å"the road to hell is paved with good intentions. † This is true, as we see that, although, good intentions mean well, it does not always take the form of justice or morally right. That is people with good intentions end up doing the exact opposite of what they set out to accomplish. And Consequentiality like Bethel, unlike Kantian ethics sees this point as being true because the outcome Of the act is what counts not the intent.In the case of terrorism, we see that terrorism can be in form of good intent and not distinctively wrong. It can also seem as act of heroism in the case of people defending their religion, but it is not. It always ends up bringing destruction and death of the innocents. Terrorist acts do not follow moral code and have no remorse for anyone. Good intentions do not always bring about great success because we cannot expect people to think the way we think. Also, people often fail to think ahead about the outcome of the act before playing it out. This often leads to bad results even with the purest of intent.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

prokaryotes essays

prokaryotes essays The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms on earth, and are the smallest unicellular organisms. There are certain factors that account for the success of prokaryotes such that they are able to withstand harsh environments and they are able to adapt to face the conditions that they are in. One factor that accounts for the success of the prokaryotes is their way to survive. When environmental conditions are unfavorable, the bacterium becomes inactive. Some species of bacteria form endospores. An endospore is a thick wall that surrounds the genetic material while the rest of the cell disintegrates. The endospore does not reproduce or show any signs of life. It is similar to a seed. What is important about these endospores is that they can withstand harsh environmental conditions, such as boiling, freezing, and drying out. When the existing conditions then become favorable, the endospore germinates and in turn forms an active cell. This method of survival allows prokaryotes to last longer and allow them to germinate. Another factor that accounts for the success of prokaryotes is their ability to metabolize most nitrogenous compounds. Nitrogen is essential in the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. Prokaryotes are successful because they can convert ammonia to nitrates. Others can convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. This is known as nitrogen fixation. Some bacteria can even survive on light, carbon dioxide, atmospheric nitrogen, water, and minerals to survive. This means they are self-sufficient, and that is why prokaryotes are successful. Three hostile environments in which prokaryotes survive are swamps, salt ponds, and hot springs. The classifications of the prokaryotes that live in these environments are archaebacteria. Methanogens are able to survive in swamps, extreme halophiles are able to survive in salt ponds, and thermoacidophiles are able to live in Hot Spr ...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

The Penalty of Death by H.L. Mencken

The Penalty of Death by H.L. Mencken As shown in H.L. Mencken on the Writing Life, Mencken was an influential satirist as well as an editor, literary critic, and longtime journalist with The Baltimore Sun. As you read his arguments in favor of the death penalty, consider how (and why) Mencken injects humor into his discussion of a grim subject. His satirical use of the persuasive essay format uses irony and sarcasm to help make his point. It is similar in mode to Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal.  Satirical essays like Menckens and Swifts allow the authors to make serious points in humorous, entertaining ways. Teachers can use these essays to help students understand satire and persuasive essays.  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ The Penalty of Death by H.L. Mencken Of the arguments against capital punishment that issue from uplifters, two are commonly heard most often, to wit: That hanging a man (or frying him or gassing him) is a dreadful business, degrading to those who have to do it and revolting to those who have to witness it.That it is useless, for it does not deter others from the same crime. The first of these arguments, it seems to me, is plainly too weak to need serious refutation. All it says, in brief, is that the work of the hangman is unpleasant. Granted. But suppose it is? It may be quite necessary to society for all that. There are, indeed, many other jobs that are unpleasant, and yet no one thinks of abolishing them- that of the plumber, that of the soldier, that of the garbage-man, that of the priest hearing confessions, that of the sand-hog, and so on. Moreover, what evidence is there that any actual hangman complains of his work? I have heard none. On the contrary, I have known many who delighted in their ancient art, and practiced it proudly. In the second argument of the abolitionists there is rather more force, but even here, I believe, the ground under them is shaky. Their fundamental error consists in assuming that the whole aim of punishing criminals is to deter other (potential) criminalsthat we hang or electrocute A simply in order to so alarm B that he will not kill C. This, I believe, is an assumption which confuses a part with the whole. Deterrence, obviously, is one of the aims of punishment, but it is surely not the only one. On the contrary, there are at least half a dozen, and some are probably quite as important. At least one of them, practically considered, is more important. Commonly, it is described as revenge, but revenge is really not the word for it. I borrow a better term from the late Aristotle: katharsis. Katharsis, so used, means a salubrious discharge of emotions, a healthy letting off of steam. A school-boy, disliking his teacher, deposits a tack upon the pedagogical chair; the teacher jumps and the boy laughs. This is katharsis. What I contend is that one of the prime objects of all judicial punishments is to afford the same grateful relief (a) to the immediate victims of the criminal punished, and (b) to the general body of moral and timorous men. These persons, and particularly the first group, are concerned only indirectly with deterring other criminals. The thing they crave primarily is the satisfaction of seeing the criminal actually before them suffer as he made them suffer. What they want is the peace of mind that goes with the feeling that accounts are squared. Until they get that satisfaction they are in a state of emotional tension, and hence unhappy. The instant they get it they are comfortable. I do not argue that this yearning is noble; I simply argue that it is almost universal among human beings. In the face of injuries that are unimportant and can be borne without damage it may yield to higher impulses; that is to say, it may yield to what is called Christian charity. But when the injury is serious Christianity is adjourned, and even saints reach for their sidearms. It is plainly asking too much of human nature to expect it to conquer so natural an impulse. A keeps a store and has a bookkeeper, B. B steals $700, employs it in playing at dice or bingo, and is cleaned out. What is A to do? Let B go? If he does so he will be unable to sleep at night. The sense of injury, of injustice, of frustration, will haunt him like pruritus. So he turns B over to the police, and they hustle B to prison. Thereafter A can sleep. More, he has pleasant dreams. He pictures B chained to the wall of a dungeon a hundred feet underground, devoured by rats and scorpions. It is so agreeable that it makes him forget his $700. He has got his katharsis. The same thing precisely takes place on a larger scale when there is a crime which destroys a whole community’s sense of security. Every law-abiding citizen feels menaced and frustrated until the criminals have been struck downuntil the communal capacity to get even with them, and more than even has been dramatically demonstrated. Here, manifestly, the business of deterring others is no more than an afterthought. The main thing is to destroy the concrete scoundrels whose act has alarmed everyone and thus made everyone unhappy. Until they are brought to book that unhappiness continues; when the law has been executed upon them there is a sigh of relief. In other words, there is katharsis. I know of no public demand for the death penalty for ordinary crimes, even for ordinary homicides. Its infliction would shock all men of normal decency of feeling. But for crimes involving the deliberate and inexcusable taking of human life, by men openly defiant of all civilized orderfor such crimes it seems, to nine men out of ten, a just and proper punishment. Any lesser penalty leaves them feeling that the criminal has got the better of societythat he is free to add insult to injury by laughing. That feeling can be dissipated only by a recourse to katharsis, the invention of the aforesaid Aristotle. It is more effectively and economically achieved, as human nature now is, by wafting the criminal to realms of bliss. The real objection to capital punishment doesn’t lie against the actual extermination of the condemned, but against our brutal American habit of putting it off so long. After all, every one of us must die soon or late, and a murderer, it must be assumed, is one who makes that sad fact the cornerstone of his metaphysic. But it is one thing to die, and quite another thing to lie for long months and even years under the shadow of death. No sane man would choose such a finish. All of us, despite the Prayer Book, long for a swift and unexpected end. Unhappily, a murderer, under the irrational American system, is tortured for what, to him, must seem a whole series of eternities. For months on end, he sits in prison while his lawyers carry on their idiotic buffoonery with writs, injunctions, mandamuses, and appeals. In order to get his money (or that of his friends) they have to feed him with hope. Now and then, by the imbecility of a judge or some trick of juridic science, they actu ally justify it. But let us say that, his money all gone, they finally throw up their hands. Their client is now ready for the rope or the chair. But he must still wait for months before it fetches him. That wait, I believe, is horribly cruel. I have seen more than one man sitting in the death-house, and I don’t want to see any more. Worse, it is wholly useless. Why should he wait at all? Why not hang him the day after the last court dissipates his last hope? Why torture him as not even cannibals would torture their victims? The common answer is that he must have time to make his peace with God. But how long does that take? It may be accomplished, I believe, in two hours quite as comfortably as in two years. There are, indeed, no temporal limitations upon God. He could forgive a whole herd of murderers in a millionth of a second. More, it has been done. Source This version of The Penalty of Death originally appeared in Menckens Prejudices: Fifth Series (1926).

Sunday, November 3, 2019

The Cancer Cell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Cancer Cell - Essay Example For a long period, it has become clear that cancer frequently impinges on citizens who are above 50 years. Although the youthful populace also gets afflicted with such illnesses, the majority of populace suffering such ailments as cancer is the old populace (Hobson, 2009). Through the following observation, researchers have started to investigate the affiliation between biological procedures that direct disease and aging processes. Researchers have to this point been able to determine the connection between the two. Researchers have substantiated two ways of viewing the correlation between cancer and age. According to the findings provided, are that the forces that cause damage to human genes may be similar to the forces that compel both cancer and aging (Hobson, 2009). Therefore, this suggests that the processes guard against cancer, the genome and permanence. However, the second reason seems to be a bit complex concerning the correlation among the two. Naturally occurring tumor sup pressor molecules prevent the cells from reproducing or regenerating sporadically. The tumor suppressor cell provokes the fatality of the cells through a procedure regarded as apoptosis or it can shut down the cell’s ability to replicate. These two progressions produced by the suppressor molecules serve to protect the people during their reproductive periods. Therefore, as the populace gets older, the molecules abilities to guard the body through the two methods reduce. For this reason, the body becomes vulnerable to cancer attacks justifying the statement that the cancer cases are more extensive in the old people. For the young generation, the susceptibility is markedly reduced through the action of the suppressor molecules. The older people experience corporal changes that augment the probability of disease and disability and which interfere with the body’s ability to withstand cancer threats. Cancer occurs mainly because of any transformations or alterations on the oncogenes, tumor suppressor molecules and microRNA genetic material (Croce, 2008, 502). These modifications are usually somatic procedures, even though origin transmutation can dispose an individual to genetic or ancestral cancer. In cancer, a single alteration may not be sufficient to initiate cancer instead, cancer development is a multistep progression with alterations occurring in oncogenes (Croce, 2008, 502). Oncogenes are proteins that predetermine for the control of cell propagation, apoptosis or even the two processes. These genes are activated by structural transformations that originate from mutations or amplification (Croce, 2008, 503). Chromosomal reorganization, transmutations and gene extension, help in activation of oncogenes presenting an enlargement benefit or amplified continued existence of cells bearing such variations. In cases where, the oncogenes are activated by mutations, the preset protein is altered structurally in ways that allow for its transforming acti on. Myc is a replication regulator and its genes are usually translocated from the original chromosome to another chromosome. Chromosomal translocations help in joining the cellular oncogene together with immunoglobin that are believed to be vital, in the initiation of the oncogenic progressions in the developments of certain cell types. The translocation can be considered essential in essence, that it helps in the study of the means, heredity and biological outcomes of the translocations.

Friday, November 1, 2019

Nanomaterials in Consumer Products Research Paper - 1

Nanomaterials in Consumer Products - Research Paper Example At the same time in the business dimension, there are still concerns about the nanotechnology effect on global economics. The use of nanotechnologies is on the rise because it is very effective. There are numerous products on the market with additional ones coming in day after day. Most of the viable products for use by the public are duped as the first generation. Some of the available products in the market include tritium oxide that is used in most of the surface coatings, cosmetics as sunscreen at the same time is employed in some food additives, carbon allotropes are used to produce gecko tape. Lastly, one of the most commonly used material in this technology is a silver. It has been used mostly as an antibacterial in household appliances(Suh et al., 133). Zinc oxide is used in most sunscreens and surface coating, outdoor furniture furnishes, paints and cosmetic. Lastly cilium oxide is used as fuel catalysts. Silver is one of the materials used in the production of nanotechnology equipment. It can be used in food packaging, disinfectants, household appliances and clothing. Further, the silver ionic nanoparticles can be used for washing machines, air conditioners, refrigerators Samsung vacuum cleaners and air purifiers as part of the household appliances used. Silver nano coating is used in most of the Samsung home appliances to protect the household from bacterial infection. Most of the appliances are coated with silver nano that has both antifungal and anti-bacterial effect. Thus, it keeps the place clean and free from contamination by microorganism. For instance, the Samsung fridge is coated with this silicon on the inside hence killing this microorganism by cellular metabolism hence preventing further growth. According to Hoek & Ghosh, (5) the silver nanotechnology is used to sterilise equipment against 650 types of bacteria. The machines do so by eliminating about 400 billion silvers ions that penetrate deep

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

The Digital Revolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Digital Revolution - Research Paper Example Company websites may employ domestic or global strategies in their e-commerce transactions (Bajaj, Debjani & Kamlesh, 2005). Websites with a domestic e-commerce strategy main seek to serve businesses and customers within the geographical boundaries of a country. In contrast, Bajaj, Debjani & Kamlesh observe that websites with a global focus aim towards promoting transactions between customers and businesses across global and international markets. Firms implementing global e-commerce need to address financial issues, legal issues and market access challenges such as cultural differences and language barriers. There are three main classifications for websites, namely transaction, promotion and content sites (Bajaj, Debjani & Kamlesh, 2005). Transaction sites are websites designed to enhance virtual or online transactions. This is mostly applicable for online business ventures that do not have the traditional brick and mortar model or any other physical presence. This site is more appr opriate for businesses dealing with specialized product categories. Promotional sites are those designed specifically for information and communication purposes with the aim of supplementing marketing activities and strengthening relationships. It is appropriate for companies seeking to develop the global presence and develop new channels of communication. Lastly, content websites are designed to provide customers and prospects with accurate and reliable content to aid in their buying process.

Sunday, October 27, 2019

The Effects Of Electronic Waste Management Environmental Sciences Essay

The Effects Of Electronic Waste Management Environmental Sciences Essay Electronic waste known as E-waste is one of the growing and emerging problem in this world. E-waste consists of many components as toxic substances which have adverse affects on human health and environment if not properly handled. Developing countries have several dumping of e-waste that assumes the importance of management. This concise paper provides EPR legislation to reduce the hazards of E-waste, managing the concerning problems, recycling operations and NGOs participation to combat it. It also focuses on the emerging issues and their strategic solutions. Introduction Waste of electrical and electronic material was considered as cost factor in past. Easiest and cheapest way of disposal was selected to put at the nearest distance. At national level the practices of disposal are not allowed in many courtiers. Waste of the municipal solid consists in electronic and electrical equipments. Waste management has been developed for the all institutions involved in the end of life management of electronic management. Waste of electronics and electrical equipments increases the mass of the toxic inputs into local waste streams. If the volume of the E-waste exceeds to that of processed in manufacturing of products from the mining operations, then no matter it will be an ore located on the globe. On the one hands this E-waste is used as raw material to shape new products while on the other hand it has very harmful potential impacts on the ecosystem. An analyst looks the end of life processes as well as the chain values that are sorting, logistics and collecti on strategies. Many strategies were taken in hands for the treatments of this E-waste like incineration and landfill. Previously the reuse, recycling and remanufacturing of the E-waste is strongly recommended to reduce the volume of these E-waste. Recycling is also emphasized that is linked with the improper disposal of materials. The loop of the industrial waste can be closed by recycling of these waste materials as to sustain the economy of that particular industry. In industrialized countries recycling has become a common practice in the end of life processes. Recycling strategies also differ in yielding the standard quality products. Several features are taken into account to recycle the E-waste for useful purposes. An important feature of recycling process is to handle the situations arising during processes as handling of hazards materials, safety and health care of workers, rates of recycling and levels of recycled material. It is observed that a long scale progress of recycl ing of E-waste is achieved in industrialized countries like U.S, Asia and Europe. Extended producer responsibility is a main policy to tackle this kind of issue. EPR plays main role for the producers to incorporate the end of life facets to design new products. It is important to provide the necessary incentives to all those involved in making the regulatory policies. This can be supported by the study of two Norwegian scientists those who revealed the crucial role of regulatory policies. They put the facts of their survey and survey participants answered that main green technological changes occur from the environmental regulations in EU. Fig 1: Showing the main driving forces for green technology changes EPR feasibility has been shown in Asia and Europe. At earlier stages of infancy in last decade E-waste started in Switzerland in 1992 and it became widespread in other countries due to pressure of environmental authorities. Environmental Effects of E-waste E-waste has many toxic substances which are dangerous at high level if not handled properly. Why are these risks and dangers produced? These are the concerning issues and need the attention of analysts and industrialists to minimize the dangers. On the industrialist end the equipments and feasible machinery is not provided to workers at workplace. There are concerns of workers that their analysts do not guide them in proper way to recycle the E-waste and complete the disposal processes. Serious repercussions arise due to proximity to those places where E-waste materials are recycled or burnt. Grey goods have very toxic chemicals as compared to white and brown goods. For example a computer has very toxic chemicals like mercury, beryllium, cadmium, PVC and Phosphorous compounds. Central nervous system, Reproductive system and Urinary system are badly affected by the lead absorption in human body. Mercury also affects the CNS, Reproductive system and Urinary system of humans. If it is m ixed in water used for living animals and on transportation of the water into water living animals can become the cause of death of those animals. Cadmium and Poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affect the human body organs specially kidneys, lungs, skin and bladder respectively. E-waste has caused serious consequences to environment and human health. For example location near to recycling and burnt places of e-waste has many components of e-waste which directly affect the living of that area. When recycling plants are installed near rivers, it is found that river water is contaminated by the e-waste components and water livings are badly harmed by these e-waste materials. Extended Producer Responsibility EPR is a new tool of market and focuses on the background and responsibility of the producer. WEEE recycling regulation after the necessary analysis and evaluation of EPR with new approaches is provided. Question arise that why we need the regulatory action. E-waste is a big challenge in 21st century. Initial study of industrial ecology reveals that cycle economy is the big source to make contribution to sustainable development of economy. The growth in new electronic products needs new large resources and E-waste is increasing the inputs into local stream flows. We address the two basic needs of the closing the material loops and treatment of the hazards materials. These features are addressed by applying the regulatory actions. An analysis of existing economic or market incentives is required in order to come to a conclusion where regulations necessary and where market forces already achieve favorable results (Costanza et al. 1997). As the growth rate of the new products increase we require to recycle the E-waste with the same extent as shown in the figure. Volume of E-waste New Product Fig 2: Showing the proportionality between Volume of E-waste and New E products To answer the issues concerning the new product growth and recycling of E-waste EPR is new technology with better results in marketplace. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"An environmental protection strategy to reach an environmental objective of a decreased total environmental impact from a product, by making the manufacturer of the product responsible for the entire life-cycle of the product and especially for the take-back, recycling and final disposal of the product.à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚  (Lindquist et al. 1990). EPR is considered as an approach to take the E-waste to industries for the purpose of re-engineering of the material to improve the mechanism of processes and products. Goals of the EPR: Major contribution of EPR is in environment and industrial zone. Hazardous materials are treated appropriately to reflect sound E-waste hazardous components to be disposed to provide the safety and health standards to workers. Closing of material loops is possible by recycling of E-waste which is base on the rate of recycling and material reapplication levels. The environment must meet the reward design including the avoidance of hazardous material and materials to be cycled optimized in general design. In economic goals it is ensured that fair allocation of burdens for the stakeholders and producers must count all the economic areas. Always keep in mind to avoid financial burdens which are not supporting the environmental cause. The EPR must be clear, transparent and feasible in controlling the monitoring of the systems. The EPR policies must be implemented in order to amend the incentives to create the favorable consequences for the system. We have studied the EPR importance to achieve the specified goals. Now we have to evaluate and make analysis of EPR policies. The evaluation process of EPR policies for the achievement of goals is dependent on both qualitative and quantitative analysis. It is observed that environmental effectiveness through the implementation of the regulatory policies does not yield required results until it is not controlled in a viable way. It is estimated that incentives to collect the E-waste and recycling is totally according to the EPR or take the alternative approaches to complete the process like collection and recycling. There are many practical problems which are related to EPR. For example it becomes difficult to allocate actual cost of recovery after a decade. Many products are so comprehensive for their disposal that increases the global market. The product is chan ged in many hands and it becomes difficult to decide that when and where the end of life stage is reached. It is not clear that who is responsible for the collection and recovery of the product when product is exported in other countries. What stands out most is that, even when practical problems are solved, doubts remain about the effectiveness of EPR in its current form because it mainly leads to global low-quality solutions. Alternatively, the application of high-level recovery in many cases reduces the eco-footprint through substitution. (Hischler, 2005). EPR in current form has many impacts on the E-waste flows and it has promoted many low level recycling processes. Therefore high rate of recovery for which a local industry is optimal is set to achieve in less budget. Industries following theses approaches may benefit their owners and countries where they are installed. Governments are the responsible to provide the legal and financial incentives to promote the business. It is now required to present the estimates of the production, recycled and import export. Region/country Production in million tons per year Land filling storage in million tons Recycling in million tons Export in million tons per/year Import in million tons per/year EU-25 7 1.5 3.43 1.9 USA 6.6 5.1 0.12 1.4 China 3.2 3.7 1.5 - 2.10 Japan 3.1 0.5 1.84 0.63 - West Africa 0.06 0.44 0.18 054 India 0.35 0.84 0.35 - 0.85 Total 20.31 12.08 5.85 3.76 3.49 Table 1: Global E-waste production, disposal, recycling and import/export estimates in 2005 This data in table tell us about the emerging powers of the world in industrial zone. Many other countries like Canada and South America continent are not included in it. In Europe alone the production is 7 million tons per year. China has made rapid progress in production as it equals its production to Japan. China is the second country in land filling after the USA and E-waste recycling is in largest volume in EU followed by Japan. All of above discussion finds the lack of the awareness of our citizens about E-waste and EPR. The E-waste management depends upon the active role of local or city governments and attitudes of the citizens. Producers, stakeholders and consumers also play role to shape the development. It will be very disappointing to keep the citizens away from the management deeds to take benefits of EPR policy. It hardly required involving the common people in process of recycling of electronic goods. Consumers must be informed about the goods by labeling the consumerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s requirements for those items. Consumers are educated to use only those products which utilize the modern emerging technologies. For example halogen free, lead free and from the authenticated retailers or manufacturers. Different training programs for the training of the citizen must be arranged to make them aware of the impacts of the E-waste and on their health and possible ways to minimize its haza rdous affects. Due to these training programs our consumers are able to purchase the environmental friendly products and maintain the environmental operational processes of the products via careful disposal. On the hand suppliers provide only those items to manufacturers which are containing the friendly components in materials. Manufacturers can reduce the impacts of their products by making a compatible design products, raw material choices and manufacturing and delivery processes. To get rd of free riders check and balance of system must be ensured. Economic Viability: The EPR policy has given us knowledge to boost up the economy of that particular manufacture ring company by recycling process of E-waste. It can be achieved by direct reuse of the E-waste. The processes of the parts cannibalization and remanufacturing do a lot for the owner of the company. Main advantage of these processes is shown as it recovers more value than just materials. The value of the discarded products is used when the equipments and parts are left mostly in their original forms. The price of the product includes the administrative labor and logistic charges. In this way 90% of the total original cost is recuperated. New labor is cheaper to the costs of the collecting, disassembling cleaning, repainting and controlling of E-waste material. However this remanufacturing process takes less work and yields high level recovery as compared to start new product from scratch. Remanufacturing can be as efficient as virgin production and assembly, if not better. Practice proves that even cheap (à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ã‚ ¬15/piece) and somewhat complicated electrical motors can be refurbished and adapted for 50% of the new price (Comperen, 2006). Parts manufacturing with less work and high value, this condition is more advantageous. If other cost of disassembling is kept low then reuse is very profitable for many companies. Ecological Viability: The high level closed loop recovery is also environmental friendly as we have studied in our discussion. There is clear evidence from the studies mentioned that high-level closed-loop recovery is also more environmentally-friendly then most present practices as energy efficiency improves compared to virgin production (Krikke Zuidwijk, 2008; Hischler 2005). It is seen that process of remanufacturing reduces the much resource consumption. The main advantage of this process is that much of energy is saved that cut the amount of CO2 emissions. It is also observed that remanufacturing of goods requires only 15% energy as compare to manufacture new product from scratch. There are many environmental indicators as water use, land filling and CO2 emissions. As the number of the indicators increases it becomes difficult to handle the data and it creates serious concerns of closed loop supply chain for management and others. In this paper we have discussed the E-waste materials and its hazardous effects on human. The impacts of the regulatory policies on economic and environmental are significant. These both aspects combine together to allow the resultant analysis of the regulatory policies and their developments. This EPR tests the already existing economic incentives in a system. These regulations must amend the structures in a way that favors the main player of that system to achieve the set goals. The recycling process must be in control according to the regulatory policies. Drafting of the regulations ask all the participants to shape it in a style to get maximum benefits from the reuse and avoid the hazardous affects of the toxic materials. It is essential for the EPR that it is defined in a way to establish an effective management framework in that particular region. In this paper we have focused on the possible consequences that may arise due to E-waste materials. What amount of electronic produc ts is produced in many developed countries of the world? It has provided us to find the facts behind the E-waste material. The recycling and reuse of the E-waste is briefly discussed in this paper. EPR makes its lot of contribution in our whole studies. It has given the answers of our basic questions concerning to its impacts on economy and environments. Environmental regulations are the driving force in Europe as estimated in survey conducted to bring the green technology changes.